AAA #38

Q1: How do we develop the confidence to show people work that we have spent very long making?

Hello there, thank you for sharing your concern! We agree that it can be daunting to showcase our work to others. Just like yourself, we all have our interests and craft which we have also spent a lot of time on. Take for example calligraphy. Some of us have spent so much time refining our calligraphy, but we still never had a lot of confidence in our works, much less showing it to others. Part of the reason some of us feel this way is that calligraphy seems like a niche interest to the majority of the students in Singapore, therefore conclusions always play out in our brains when we want to try and show off our artworks: Will they understand and like the artwork? Will they not understand? Feel bewildered? Laugh at me for my hobby? These thoughts have probably flashed through your head when you showed off your work. Humbled as we all are, we keep thinking that other people’s hobbies are much “cooler” and “better” and think less of ourselves. We know this is negative thinking, but how exactly do we build up the confidence to show off our hard work to people? Here are three points you can consider:

Surround yourself with supportive people

While it is normal to feel worried that others may not enjoy something you have devoted hours upon hours completing, this fear can be reduced simply by surrounding yourself with more supportive people. Think about your closest friends, the people you show your true self to. Would the first reaction they have, upon seeing a creation that you put your heart into, be one of disgust? We sure hope not, or that’ll be a whole other can of worms to deal with. Regardless, now imagine that everyone around you is reacting with joy and admiration, the way your best friends do. That is how it should be, and if your fears have been formed by negative past experiences, then perhaps consider finding more caring and positive people to be around. Surround yourself with a community that appreciates your hard work and encourages you to be the best version of yourself, such as other people who enjoy the same craft as you, rather than hiding who you are! If you are unable to find people with the same hobbies as you, fret not as the internet is a great way to make new connections, and you may even learn a few tips along the way, especially from people who have experienced the same emotions as you. A supportive environment provides you with much-needed validation, which becomes a powerful catalyst in instilling in you the idea that your creations are worthy of praise. While constructive criticism can be beneficial for growth, the line between that and a poorly disguised insult should never be crossed, for honesty without kindness is cruelty. Do avoid people who do nothing but fill your head with negative thoughts. It is important to have faith in yourself, and find people that have faith in you!

Believe in yourself, and cheer yourself on!

As cliché as it might sound, the first step to developing confidence is to find it within yourself. While it is affirming to seek the approval and praise of others to bolster your confidence, it is also important that you are first and foremost confident in your abilities. Believe and have faith in yourself! You can reflect on your work process, and acknowledge the small wins you’ve gained along the way. Recognise and celebrate each step of the process, and you’ll soon be able to see how much you have grown, and how your work has improved. Over time, you’ll build a positive self-image and greater self-confidence. To maintain this level of self-confidence, remember to cheer yourself on! The words you direct to yourself have a large influence on your confidence. Self-deprecating thoughts are often destructive and can chip away at your confidence as self-doubt clouds your mind, leaving you to worry whether you’re doing enough, or if your work is up to standard. Be mindful of the way you think of yourself, and practise positive thinking! Challenge these negative thoughts and replace them with positive affirmations of your strengths. Focus on the time you have spent and the effort you have put into creating this piece of work, and feel proud of all the work you’ve put in. Having faith in yourself and positive thinking, you can develop the confidence you need!

Practise more to gain familiarity and confidence

Additionally, you can consider practising more and creating more of the work in your free time! Practice may not make perfect, but it certainly does make progress. The more you practise, the more familiar and experienced you get, and hence the better and more skilled you will become at what you do. Do you find that there are specific areas in your work you feel less confident about and think can be improved? Perhaps one suggestion to overcome this would be to make your practices more targeted and focused by identifying your areas of weakness beforehand and then working to overcome them and make changes. This not only prevents you from slipping into the cycle of repeating the same mistakes over and over, but also allows you to see improvements in your abilities and craft, and feel even better as a whole about the work you have made. Alternatively, just engaging in your usual, normal practices can also allow you to become more acquainted with the steps and processes, therefore boosting your confidence in what you do. From there, you’ll then hopefully feel more willing and less afraid to show others what you have made, as you have faith and believe in yourself, that the work you have made is a product of good quality and much effort and hard work on your part!

Having the confidence to show your work to others is definitely not easy. But with these three simple recommendations, we hope that you are able to gain some confidence in your work. There are bound to be people who are critical to unjustified extents, as the saying goes: Even if you tried your best to become the nicest, juiciest, sweetest peach among all the peaches, there are always people who do not like peaches. Hang out with people who can appreciate you and your artwork for what it is, people who will be proud of your growth in your craft. Practise self-respect, and you will realise that others are not as judgemental as you think. Finally, believe that you can be so much more with time and practice! All the best!

Q2: How do I balance positive and negative thoughts?

Is your glass half full or half empty? This analogy has been revered as a means to our way of thinking. As much as we agree that there is some truth to this little test, we must also acknowledge that, in reality, the truth is not always so clear cut. Someone who has drunk half of the water from the cup would say that it is half empty, while another who is going to refill the half-filled cup may say that it is half full. Contextualising the question allows us to give answers that work in the context. This goes with positive and negative thoughts. Only by learning when to oscillate between both thoughts, can we navigate life more comfortably.

Before going into methods to balance positive and negative thoughts, it is important to consider the purpose of finding this balance.

Negative thoughts can adversely affect our mental health — through worsening anxiety and depression, consequently affecting our physical well-being as well. Excessive amounts of negative thoughts will make us feel powerless, and may turn people away to avoid the negativity we radiate. In comparison, positive thoughts contribute to better coping skills during times of stress, lower rates of depression, and even increase one’s life span. A healthy dose of joy and pleasure can cure our worries, and become a motivational source during tough times.

Despite all these benefits, positivity in excess — toxic positivity, can backfire. With toxic positivity, negative emotions are seen as inherently bad, thus invalidating us for feeling bad and essentially denying us of feeling human. This suppression of our negative emotions exacerbates our distress. Thus, while positivity may improve our quality of living, embracing negative thoughts may allow us to better process our emotions. This allows us to work on finding solutions to our problems, therefore it is essential to find a good balance between positivity and negativity.

So, how do we find a balance between them?

Acknowledging both sides of the spectrum

We often limit our perspective to one side of the spectrum. However, it is vital to understand that both negative and positive thoughts have a place. Acknowledging both of them allows them to coexist, thereby giving us a better perspective of our situation moving forward. Whilst a seemingly easy concept to understand, it is innately challenging. This is because humans are biologically born with negative biases; we are designed to focus on the negatives. To better acknowledge both thoughts, you can practise treating positivity as an elevator and negativity as an anchor: While positivity motivates you to keep going, negativity serves as a constant reminder to keep yourself in check and not to go too high up. A good example of this would be to set realistic academic goals. While it is important to be positive and aim for high scores to drive motivation, we should also consider what our limits are, and how much we are willing to sacrifice to do well for our next exam. This allows us to find the balance between what we want and what we are capable of, thus creating realistic expectations that can better support us. Practising this frequently will make us more objective and prevent us from having overly polarised thoughts which can never be close to the truth.

Seeking alternative perspectives

At times, our thoughts may be driven by our emotions and influenced by various subconscious factors such as adrenaline, cortisol, genetics, biases, habits, and upbringing. Therefore, there will be occasions where our emotions, both positive and negative, can feel a little overwhelming. However, trying to rationally evaluate our feelings by ourselves may be difficult without a professional or external perspective, resulting in biased, unreliable conclusions. This may then send us spiralling into our negative emotions. Therefore, it can be helpful to get a third party to evaluate the situation and offer objective feedback that might help put these emotions into perspective, which can offer a fresh overview of the context and allow us to reorientate our frame of mind.

What would this look like in practice? One example would be having a social circle to act as a safety net when we find ourselves feeling down and depressed. Approaching trusted adults is also a way to garner more informed points of view.

Seeking alternative perspectives can also take the form of absorbing situational information. For example, when we are overly ecstatic after receiving an A grade for a subject we have struggled with for a long time — step back and take a look around, as observing others’ emotional responses is also a form of gathering situational information. By putting ourselves in their shoes, we prevent ourselves from becoming insensitive and arrogant when others may be experiencing disappointment or distress.

The notion of balance transcends mere luck or coincidence — it is not a destination waiting to be stumbled upon, but rather a deliberate endeavour sculpted by our choices and actions. Striking a balance between positive and negative thoughts is largely a matter of context and framing. Acknowledging the purpose behind this equilibrium is crucial, as extremes on either end can adversely affect our mental and physical health. Unchecked negativity may lead to mental health issues, while excessive positivity can result in toxic attitudes. Navigating this balance involves recognising both sides of the spectrum, and understanding the appropriate situations that demand these different approaches. Cultivating realistic expectations thereby forms the building blocks for developing a healthy outlook towards life’s challenges, paving the way for a more resilient and flexible approach to everyday life.

All in all, by taking in different perspectives, contexts and situations, we will not only be able to regulate our emotions at the moment but also learn how to react in similar situations in the future, growing our emotional intelligence, self-awareness and ultimately, learning how to find the sweet spot between our positive and negative emotions.

AAA #37

Designed by: Hannah Phua (23-O4)


Q1: I feel like I’m missing out on doing VIA activities. I’ve seen some interesting ones around, but I’m afraid to commit and in many cases, my schedule and curfew simply do not allow me to participate in a VIA over a longer term. Yet, I feel that doing a VIA is essential both for portfolio reasons (which I know in itself is problematic) and because I want to do something in the real world that actually impacts people. Is this FOMO? How can I deal with being unable to do a VIA when so many others around me are doing so many things? Please send help 😔

Hi! It seems like you feel left out and stressed over being unable to rack up VIA hours to beef up your portfolio. You also seem worried about the time and energy we would have to dedicate to doing VIA, when it could be otherwise spent on work or friends. This is especially so with us only being students! However, it is heartening to see that your aims to pursue VIA hours come from a genuine and virtuous desire in wanting to help the community.

Drawing a quote from James Thurber, an author and humourist; “To see the world, things dangerous to come to, to see behind walls, draw closer, to find each other, and to feel. That is the purpose of life.”

In our lifetime, there will always be crossroads and tough decisions that we have to make. Such decisions are made based on which choice aligns with our values and beliefs, giving us a sense of purpose. However, at times there is no black-and-white answer on which path to choose. Referring to the quote, at times, purpose is found not in what we find comfortable, but in taking the risk and having the courage to break out of the ruts we all find ourselves in from time to time.

How does this relate to us? Being bound by daily schedules, curfews, and day-to-day routines, it would naturally be hard to find new purposes to pursue. This brings fear, discouragement, and a devalued sense of recognition towards ourselves — feeling inferior to others from missing out. Amidst such cerebral setbacks and discouragements, it would be useful to discuss, agree upon, and internalise a certain few postulates to dictate and influence the path forward regarding this matter. 

Firstly, it is important to recognise that self-worth and value are not based on our portfolios, VIA hours, or how we match up to our peers. The intent and sincerity behind any contribution should come foremost. Therefore, we should shift our focus from quantity to quality to truly make a difference. The belief of using VIA as a veneer to one’s portfolio at root is at best a verbose form of expression, detrimental to self-growth and development. From a pragmatic point of view, our self-worth could easily be reflected in future experiences such as event planning and interviews – one should do what he can, to the best of his ability rather than churning out a myriad of half-botched attempts. 

That being said, we concede that our portfolio determines, to an extent, our value in the world, due to pragmatic reasons – sieving candidates with more potential out of the haystack. While we can’t deny the importance of VIA in our portfolio, we must recognise that having quality VIA experience beats quantity. Considering what you wish to specialise in in the future could help you identify VIA activities suitable for you. This is because it will equip you with experience which would be useful during interviews in the future, whilst lowering the likelihood of over-commitment.

Secondly, having a fear of the unknown and uncertainties will always exist. The pertinence of having to make trade-offs amidst our monotonous lives, as well as the potential for intellectual gains from experiences and interactions will always plague our minds. Two questions usually pop into mind; But how would we know if we never try? And what could the worst possible outcome be? Carpe diem — if there is even the smallest opportunity or feasibility, seize the experience and learn from it, the number of opportunities only dwindles as time goes by and life gets ever more arduous.

On the issue of commitment, while we may have a limited understanding towards your specific VIA predicament, to our understanding, VIA is not imposed on any Eunoian and is built upon a sign-up basis. Given so, it should follow a pace that ultimately comes from the hearts and determination of a team of individuals. As such, should you face time-management issues, a withdrawal or simply a break from planning shouldn’t be too big of a hoo-ha. While commitment might seem daunting, remember that trying something new doesn’t always necessitate a long-term commitment. Dip your toes in various activities, see what resonates, and allow yourself the flexibility to explore without pressure. This could come in the form of ad hoc volunteering opportunities, which offer greater flexibility, allowing you to work out more practical arrangements that suit your current schedule and curfew in place.

Lastly, if commitment is not an issue and you find a greater sense of purpose in a cause but are too scared to pursue it in the long term, it is a possible consideration to just go for it and try it out. If you find passion in it and wish to continue it longer, we are sure that there will be a way to continue in it! Additionally, speaking openly about your concerns with program coordinators or mentors could provide valuable insights. They might be able to offer alternative ways to engage or suggest opportunities that better align with your schedule.

If in the end, you do not find yourself pursuing such endeavours, fret not! Opportunities are plentiful and the helpers are few! From a pragmatic and applicationary point of view, the ability of an individual to express and reflect on what few experiences they have had and their ability to carry themselves well in any interview, coupled with the prerequisite of academic rigour will always remain forefront. As long as you live with the purpose of helping serve the community, you will create equally or more meaningful experiences!

Q2: I feel a lot of stress because I keep seeing my friends around me doing more work than me. I try my best to catch up and do extra work like they do, however, I really feel as though I don’t have it in me and that I’m getting more burnt out even though I’m doing less than them. I feel anxious a lot especially as we approach Promos. What could I do to improve my productivity? Thank you 🙂

Hi! Thank you for your response, rest assured that you are not alone! It can be very pressurising to keep up with the studying habits and hours of our peers, especially when Promo season nears and almost everyone’s Instagram Stories or BeReals are of them mugging at home. Oftentimes, we fear that we are the ones lagging and being unproductive when we compare ourselves with studious peers, so we try to mimic their studying habits or book consultation slots with them. However, most of the time, this would result in us feeling even more behind or demoralised, as our learning pace might differ from our peers, and by forcing ourselves to follow their study routines, we might end up burning out and creating even more stress for ourselves. 

As cliché as it sounds, a piece of advice would be to do what is best for you, instead of feeling pressured to conform to what most of your friends seem to be doing. Play your own game – the quality of revision lies upon the rigour relative to an individual, there is no one-size-fits-all metric to gauge the efficacy of revision other than the paper and results itself. Even then, they only reflect a momentary point in your academic journey. While we students largely share a common end goal, it is important to reach that destination in a way that suits us, lest we burn out amidst making unwarranted comparisons, to our detriment. Having discussed the basis of personal metrics, it might be useful to examine means to regulate individual productivity, rather than sizing up to the arbitrary paces of others. 

On that note, here are a few possible methods you could give a try:

First, consider reviewing what you already know. Rather than feeling overwhelmed by what you do not know, it may be better to take some time to review content that you are already more familiar with. Oftentimes, we may neglect topics that we feel like we have more exposure to, and try to learn entirely new chapters or content we have not seen. Instead of trying to get a vague idea of all your content, it may be better for you to master topics you know better. This can help build your confidence in the subject and serve to reinforce your understanding of these topics. Once you get into the rhythm of studying, you might find that you have a greater capacity and more confidence to tackle content that you are less familiar with.

Second, consider incorporating a brief session of light exercise before diving into your study sessions. Physical activity has been shown to enhance focus and cognitive function, making it a valuable precursor to effective learning. Whether it’s a short walk, some gentle stretching, or a few basic exercises, integrating this into your regular routines can contribute significantly to optimising your focus and cognitive abilities.

Finally, dedicate more time to a specific study technique. When feeling stressed or frustrated, you might be tempted to doubt and change your existing study methods. Instead, give your chosen technique sufficient time to prove its effectiveness. Consistency is key, and mastering a particular approach can lead to better understanding and retention of the material. This patience and dedication to a specific method could contribute to a more structured and effective learning experience. 

Although we recommend catering your study routine to your own pace, it can still be beneficial to surround yourself with a good community that can keep you in check when you’re studying. Whether it is to hold you accountable for the number of hours you promised to study, or reminding you to take breaks when necessary, a supportive group of peers will help with feelings of burnout or demotivation. While directly comparing our pacing to peers may be adverse to our development, it is not to be confused with peer support and check-ins. the presence of peers should also serve as emotional support amidst our onerous academic lives — a balance must be struck. In fact, a healthy degree of competitiveness with your peers can serve as a means to spur competency and self-productivity.

Overall, navigating your academic journey requires you to understand your own energy and working style. What works for someone else may not be what you need. Take care folks! 😉

If there has been something on your mind these days, feel free to send in your worries here! All submissions will remain anonymous.

Why do people enjoy horror?

Written by: Loo Hao Zhe (23-U2), Sophie Ho (23-E3), Tan Yi Ling (Chen Yiling) (23-A2)

Designed by: Sophie Ho (23-E3)


Horror is a genre of film, television, and literature, meant to startle, shock, frighten and repulse audiences. Such forms of media focus on eliciting a sense of mystery, suspense, and dread, by exploring themes and situations that may not only be dark and disturbing, but also transgressive. Some commonly seen antagonists are supernatural beings, monsters, serial killers, evil clowns, and dolls, while some key elements of horror include jumpscares, cliffhangers, and plot twists, to keep audiences on their toes and constantly guessing or bracing themselves for what will happen next. Being a divisive genre, horror is hated by some but loved by others. In this article, we will be delving into four possible reasons why some people are horror enthusiasts.

Firstly, some people enjoy the sense of excitement brought about by horror. Part of the magnetic allure of horror is that it elicits a rush of adrenaline, making use of human psychology to manipulate the viewers’ instincts, leading to heightened physiological and emotional states in viewers. Horror in the media manipulates our primal instincts by posing a perceived threat to people, making them feel as if they are in danger. As a remnant of our evolutionary past, humans still have a prominent fight-or-flight response that kicks in when the body is convinced that danger is imminent. This catalyses a surge of adrenaline that causes a visceral response in people that can take the form of an increased heart rate, muscle tension, sweating, shaking, and possibly sleep disturbances. Such effects are similar to what is experienced when a person is actually in danger, such as when being chased by a masked brute with a knife or dangling from the edge of a cliff. Horror brings a rollercoaster of emotions that other forms of entertainment are unable to. Viewers face conflicting decisions between watching for entertainment and stopping to ease themselves of their fear. This is where the feeling of thrill emerges from, captivating audiences in a mixture of terror and fascination as they are kept on the edge of their seats, yearning for more. The horror genre simultaneously terrifies and intrigues people, inviting us to explore the darkest corners of human imagination. 

Secondly, surely everyone has experienced particularly mundane days in their life. Seemingly endless lessons, a slow day at work, and tasks simply piling up. Life does not bring much excitement and people grow used to their daily tasks, like getting stuck in a loop of the same day over and over. Horror is, hence, also a means of escapism for people who experience this. A feature of horror is its thrilling unpredictability, with twists and turns, and events out of the ordinary, that allows it to become a sanctuary for individuals seeking respite from boredom. Horror provides a compelling distraction from the mundane or stressful aspects of life, allowing audiences to shift their attention to a fictional and spine-chilling world. However, in this fictional world, while the characters may not survive, the viewer certainly will. Audiences can safely immerse themselves in life-threatening situations they probably will not encounter in real life. This is also why people frequently question: “Why would they make such an irrational decision?” It is precisely because people are escaping to the world of horror that they get to think through scenarios not experienced in their own lives, bringing a sense of novelty and excitement. Horror is a means of transcending the boundaries of reality, appealing to those who wish to escape from their own lives.

Thirdly, horror films serve as a captivating portal to explore the dark side of humanity, using a variety of narrative and thematic elements. They often present us with monstrous entities or supernatural phenomena that symbolise our collective fears, such as the unknown, uncontrollable aspects of existence, or societal issues like the anxieties surrounding technology. These films challenge our moral compass by forcing protagonists into life-or-death choices, making us confront the blurred lines between good and evil. Furthermore, psychological horror reveals the potential for madness and the fragility of the human mind, emphasising our vulnerability when subjected to intense stress and fear. Through these mechanisms, horror films provide a thought-provoking canvas for exploring the depths of human nature, our anxieties, and the ethical dilemmas we might face in extreme circumstances.

Lastly, horror films hold a unique place in our cultural landscape by serving as mirrors to our collective fears, anxieties, and societal concerns. They often reflect the prevailing cultural and social norms, becoming a barometer of what a particular society finds disturbing or unsettling at a given time. These films can encapsulate deeper fears beyond just the supernatural or the grotesque; they may delve into issues like racial discrimination, gender roles, or the consequences of unchecked technology. For example, films like “Get Out” and “Hereditary” not only terrify audiences with supernatural elements but also confront them with very real and disturbing social issues, such as racism and family dysfunction. Moreover, horror films offer a safe space for discussing and confronting these societal anxieties. By presenting them in a fictional, exaggerated context, these movies make it easier for audiences to engage in conversations about challenging and uncomfortable topics. In this way, horror films become not just a source of fear and entertainment but also a medium for social commentary, enabling us to collectively explore, critique, and sometimes even exorcise the demons lurking in our society. The appeal of horror extends beyond mere scares; it encompasses a fascination with the underlying themes, their symbolic relevance, and their potential to serve as thought-provoking commentary on the human condition and the world in which we live. As a result, horror films often transcend their genre and become essential tools for cultural analysis and self-reflection, offering a dark but enlightening journey into our societies’ deepest collective fears and societal dilemmas.

In conclusion, while horror gives audiences an adrenaline rush, it also provides them a temporary refuge and escape from reality. This may be especially appealing to sensation seekers, who feel a strong desire to pursue and experience thrill, excitement, and stimulation. Moreover, horror enables us to examine the darker side of reality and humanity, as well as societal issues, norms, and fears. As such, although some people have a fear or dislike of horror, others enjoy it very much and find pleasure and delight in consuming various forms of horror.

With that, to all the horror fans among us who enjoy the feeling of being spooked out and having shivers sent down your spine, Happy Halloween!

Bibliography:

What Is Horror Fiction? Learn About the Horror Genre, Plus 7 Classic Horror Novels You Should Read – MasterClass

Why we like scary things: The science of recreational fear 

The Paradoxical Escapism of Horror – Sci-Fi Bloggers

The Psychology Behind Why We Love (or Hate) Horror

Spectrum of Stress

Written by: Joshua Ong (23-U4), Lim Sher Min (23-E1), Loo Hao Zhe (23-U2), Marissa Tan (23-O1), Ng Le Kang (23-I2), Sophie Ho (23-E3), Tan Yi Ling (Chen Yiling) (23-A2), Teong Chee Kai (23-O4)

Designed by: Bernita Rayen (23-I1)


Introduction

As academic stress mounts to unprecedented levels among us Eunoians, especially as our final exams approach, many of us are starting to feel the overwhelming weight of our overloaded schedules and the challenge of addressing unmet learning needs. Most of us feel as if we are being submerged beneath the weight of high academic expectations, intensified by our fast-paced lifestyles. In this article, we will be delving into two different types of stress, and exploring how we can better manage and cope with stress.

Positive stress

Positive stress, also known as eustress, empowers people to work harder in order to reach their goals. Eustress often comes at times when people are reminded of upcoming deadlines, in the middle of a slump, or perhaps when they come to the realisation that exams are coming up and they have done approximately 0% of their revision. Eustress is still stress, and it has similar effects such as getting your heart rate up and making you feel encouraged to do better. However, what sets eustress apart from what is typically seen as being stressed is that eustress gives you energy, and perhaps even excitement. You want to work on things, and you want to improve. This type of stress is healthy, and has positive effects. Therefore, being able to make use of stressful situations and channelling feelings into eustress rather than distress, can help people optimise their work.

Negative stress

Negative stress, also known as distress, wields the potential to cause many detrimental impacts to both our physical and mental well-being. Distress is often a result of the buildup of excessive pressure emanated by an overwhelming workload, unrealistic expectations, and uncertainties, all of which are often observed in the hectic life of a JC student. Dealt poorly with, chronic stress could cascade to burnout and even depression. These problems would lead to counterproductivity, and could spiral to deleterious effects. For students, it is even more important to learn to manage distress, as the demanding JC life is the perfect breeding ground for stress. We face new social environments and responsibilities, on top of the exponential increase in the amount of school work. The lines between studies and relaxation blur, making finding the balance between them challenging. If not managed well, school stress could translate to distress which would inundate us with negativity and cripple our abilities to function optimally. Simply put, school tests us on how we deal with stress. Only when we find the right balance, and can deal with the distress we face in our lives, can we cultivate emotional intelligence, self-awareness, and effective problem-solving skills, allowing us to strive towards excellence.

For those who find themselves caught in the grip of this academic stress, consider that as long as we approach it the right way, stress won’t rule our life — it can even be good for us. Here are ways to deal with stress, reduce its harm and even use stress to our advantage.

Focus on the positive

One of the ways to convert negative stress to eustress would be to focus on positive people, those who have a positive impact on your well-being. This doesn’t mean you need to hang out with people who don’t get as stressed as you, but instead find someone who is going through similar emotions as you, one who could act as a buddy, one whom you are able to rely on for encouragement, and help each other to become more productive in the assignment.

It goes without saying that friends are extremely important when it comes to stress coping. When you have just the right friends who are able to understand your feelings, and are willing to comfort you when you encounter stress, as well as support you through thick-and-thin, you will find yourself being able to cope with stress a lot better. There is always someone there to support you and this gives you more room to breathe, especially during this suffocating period when everyone is preparing for their examinations.

Lastly, stay away from toxic relationships. No one wants to hear people constantly blasting unnecessary and hurtful comments in their ears. These negative comments will exponentially increase your stress levels. Also, do keep a lookout for yourself – do not become the toxic friend, even if you are feeling so stressed and need a way to release your stress. Try and go for a run, or do something that you like when things get too suffocating.

Modify your goals

Another way to convert negative stress to eustress would be to modify your goals. Make your goals a healthy challenge you are happy to be working toward. Negative stress often arises when we have to force ourselves to pursue a goal, simultaneously causing feelings of worry or dread. On the other hand, eustress arises when you feel excited during the process of pursuing a goal. A little anxiety is normal, but it should not dominate your situation. These positive emotions fuel your motivation to keep pursuing your goals, acting as a positive form of stress that enables happiness and progress.

Finding purpose and attaching meaning to your goals would provide a focus, and positively impact your motivation. For example, if my goal was to achieve 90 rank points (RP) because I aspire to study medicine overseas and become a doctor to help others, my goal would be more meaningful, and promote eustress. On the flip side, the goal of scoring 90 RP just to get a perfect mark on your A-Level certificate promotes negative stress. Having meaning and purpose when pursuing goals is a key element for happiness and a positive mind.

In conclusion, to convert negative stress to eustress, you could modify your goals to make the process more exciting, and find a deeper purpose in the goals you have set for yourself.

Body de-armouring and exercise

Besides converting distress to eustress, how else can we reduce and relieve stress? As shared by our school counsellor Ms Jasmine Ng during a Period Zero session with the J1s, we can engage in body de-armouring. Body de-armouring is a method of releasing emotions, stuck energy and tension, also known as the armour. Therefore, doing some stretches and shaking out the tension can not only reduce muscle tension and prevent discomfort and pain, but also help us to feel more calm and relaxed.

You can also engage in some exercise, such as running, playing sports such as basketball and Ultimate Frisbee, or simply watching and following workout videos on YouTube. Exercising reduces the level of cortisol, a stress hormone, and releases endorphins and serotonin, the happy hormones and mood elevators in our body. As such, it is another effective way to decrease our stress levels and improve our mood. So, when you are sitting at your study desk and find yourself feeling increasingly stressed out and vexed as time passes, do consider getting up to stretch and/or exercise, and hopefully this very act of moving about will leave you feeling less stressed and more ready to overcome the challenges in your way.

Find your quiet place

Aside from exercise or engaging in physical activity, there are times when you may feel disorientated, disarrayed, or burnt out by the hectic nature of JC life. In these moments, it is important to pause and reflect on your own state of mind. Oftentimes, we may tend to get so absorbed with completing our task at hand that we end up neglecting our own mental, emotional, and physical well-being. While the PW Oral Presentations and A Level Examinations may be coming right ahead, it is also important to understand your own personal limits and acknowledge your need for peace, rest and recuperation. Everyone has moments where they may feel the need to retreat into solitude or quiet; these needs are valid and you should respect your own need for space. 

Additionally, even if you do not feel burnt out, it is still useful to find pockets of quiet spaces to study or work at throughout your day. Our minds are constantly processing sensory input from our external environments, even if we may not consciously be aware of it. Over long periods of time, this constant input can place considerable strain on your brain, thus possibly causing mental fatigue and reduced productivity and focus. If you can relate to this experience, you can consider finding quiet spaces around school, in the comforts of your own home, or perhaps in your local libraries. This thereby reduces auditory distractions, allowing you to invest more focus and energy into your studies, boosting your productivity.

Finally, a study done by neuroscientist Imke Kirste found that when individuals had two hours of silence every day, it aided in the development of new cells in the hippocampus, the region of the brain that is in charge of learning, memory, and emotions. While this research is still relatively new and in the process of further refinement, it does show that silence can potentially improve brain function and capacity, thereby enhancing and aiding your studies.

Conclusion
In retrospect, stress and its solutions exist across a wide spectrum. While the contexts behind stress are inherently bound to the context of the individual, so are its solutions. Stress can exist as both the greatest motivator and one’s most inordinate adversary. To manipulate and actuate stress to eustress, one could potentially focus more on the positive and avoid toxicity, as well as adapt their own goals to better motivate themselves. However, in situations where negative stress still persists due to an accumulation of various factors, one should aim to minimise the detrimental effects of stress and strive to ameliorate the situation by putting to rest or appeasing one’s inner turmoil. While foolish to generalise said means to every individual, one could potentially try well-tested means such as moving about through engaging in body de-armouring and exercise, as well as establishing conducive environments of operation.

Ultimately, stress is but a pertinent constant in life and it is up to us to find a balance between motivation and self detriment, for the betterment of ourselves.

Bibliography:

Coping With Stress – Singapore

The Benefits of Stretching and Why It Feels Good – Healthline

Managing exam stress – students

Exercising to Relax – Harvard Health Publishing

AAA #36

Designed by: Tan Zhi Shan (23-I1)


Q1: School sucks. Every day feels like pain. My eye is damn itchy and I’m trying to yolo but it’s not working out. Send thoughts and prayers.

Hi! We are so sorry you feel this way and we empathise with you. However, fret not, there are many people who feel the same way and understand your circumstances. While it may be hard to cope with all the stresses and this difficult period in life, we are here to hear you out and offer some friendly advice from one Eunoian to another!

Much like the other Eunoians who come to us with their worries, sometimes all you need is for someone to actively listen to you. Perhaps finding a comfortable space to share your feelings with someone you trust could help. Knowing someone is there for you at all times, in thought and prayer – especially in school, can make this arduous journey seem less daunting!

A quote we fondly remember reminds us that “Grey skies are just clouds passing”. Likewise, tough times are only temporary. Things will improve. Hanging in there and finding a silver lining – positive aspects in times of trial – will help you keep in touch with yourself. Look forward to the holidays, the friendships and fun you have in school. If school isn’t a happy place for you, look towards a brighter future, where you, once you have put in your best effort and obtained a good grade, can be freed from the pain you feel day to day in school. Hang in there buddy! These times will pass.

On the other hand, if your feelings of pain and distress persist to levels you feel are unbearable, seeking professional help might not be a bad idea. Seeking help isn’t a sign of weakness, but a sign that you are willing to acknowledge your flaws and work on them! Mental health professionals are trained to provide you with the necessary support and might offer better, more tailored advice than what we can offer. These trusted adults may even be a preferred option over friends, offering a more objective point of view, a good option to explore!

Finding coping strategies such as taking an hour off each day to pursue individual hobbies or ways to detach from work can also help relieve stress. This can come in the forms of engaging in exercise, spending time with loved ones, or practising mindfulness techniques, journalling, going for a walk, meditating. These activities can help you mentally rest and break away from the mundane routine of work on work on work. Most of the time, we as people just need a short break and recharge before getting back into the hustle and bustle of life. Give it a try!

Being patient is an important trait that not everyone possesses, but would benefit us greatly if we did. Remember that learning is a journey, and that just because we study hard for a while does not mean our grades will have drastic improvements immediately. Through consistent effort and believing in yourself, you will get there eventually! But do avoid comparing yourself to other people in this journey, as that will only make you feel demoralised. Instead, focus on yourself and just be patient.

When it comes to taking care of ourselves, many people tend to neglect their mental and physical health in order to push themselves harder to achieve greater things. While we can’t reshape this purgatory world we live in, the best we can do is to give more thought to our own well-being. By making sure to have healthy meals and drinking more water, as well as prioritising rest instead of attempting to complete tutorials while bleary eyed at 3am, we can reduce damage to our physical health. 

Additionally, having a friend to check up on, and who checks up on you, can help the both of you greatly. By studying together or perhaps just meeting up to talk about life every once in a while, you can make sure that the both of you are doing well emotionally. During these trying times, it is important to stay connected with the people around you, and this extends to your family as well!

However, if you notice a certain friend or classmate  acting differently than they normally do, such as isolating themselves, or starting to sleep a lot in class even though it was a rare occurrence for them previously, perhaps it would be beneficial to reach out to them as well. Checking up on them to show that you care and are available to talk if they need someone to lean on could be that bit of support that they require. On the other hand, if they do not want to talk or open up, respect their boundaries, but let them know you are there whenever they’re ready.

If you are concerned for someone’s safety or well-being, do not hesitate to encourage them to seek professional help, or reach out to someone who can provide immediate support, such as a counsellor, therapist, doctor, or a trusted person in their life. Best of luck and we send our best thoughts and prayers!

Q2: How do I study for Chem, especially if I have a weak foundation…

Thank you for sharing your concerns with us and we want you to know that you are not alone on this daunting journey! Believe in yourself, even if you have a weak foundation right now, you will still see progress eventually if you put in consistent effort.

First things first, don’t put yourself down with negativity. Working to bolster your weaknesses is so much more important. If you let your weaknesses haunt you, it will leave you incapacitated and unmotivated to work. So, try starting afresh and even though it may take a long time before you get there, remember that it’s the process that matters the most. Always remember, it’s never too late to improve unless you have already given up!

Now that we have put aside our negativity, let’s look at some study methods which may help you!

Firstly, we have the Pomodoro Technique. The Pomodoro Technique is a time management method based on 25-minute sessions of focused work followed by five-minute breaks, repeated in a cycle. Longer breaks of 15 to 30 minutes are usually taken after four consecutive work intervals. The Pomodoro Technique is highly effective as it will improve your concentration, and help you focus for longer periods leading to more productivity. For Chemistry, the content is very heavy and can be very taxing to digest. Therefore, applying this technique may help with overcoming the unattainable feeling that inundates us, when we are faced with abstruse topics.

Now, this technique may not be for all, as it may be hard to schedule fixed productivity, as that is just not human nature. One of our personal favourite tips for studying is to apply active learning. Instead of passively trying to retain information, start questioning everything you see, and find answers to those questions yourself! Make an effort to try to summarise what you have learnt during those long and convoluted lectures, to make meaningful connections between what you already know and what you are learning. If you are a note taker, try understanding and simplifying ideas for your own understanding instead of aggressively copying down notes, which you have yet to actively understand. The multidisciplinary nature of Chemistry requires us to draw connections and build a good foundation! Start conversations with your friends on the subject and discuss unfamiliar topics, as this may help to clarify doubts and allow you to properly rehash ideas to explain to your friends. Active application will help you draw the connections which would ultimately be beneficial in your examinations!

Next on the list: past year papers! Do not be daunted or discouraged by complex and lengthy papers. They are your best friends when it comes to studying as they allow you to practise applying your knowledge and your phrasing of key ideas. What many grapple with is how they should phrase ideas, and this causes them to feel poorly equipped. Through the answer scheme provided in test papers, you can look out for keywords which you must remember. To take it up a notch, try observing common questions and patterns in topics, as this will allow you to better prepare in a short span of time, for more important topics. All topics are important, but some such as chemical bonding play a foundational role in the subject. Analysing past year papers can help you observe the connections between topics, and key ideas which need to be understood. Working on these papers can also help you quickly assess your weaknesses which you can then target more effectively!

Finally, your tutors are always there to help you! Don’t be afraid to approach them for consultations as they are more than willing to help you. Consulting them would give you the opportunity to clarify your understanding of fundamental concepts which you struggle to understand. After all, they have so much experience in teaching that they will be able to pinpoint your gaps in knowledge and clear any misconceptions you may have. Furthermore, they can give you immediate answers to questions you may have after attempting all the discussions and test papers yourself, and answer any burning questions. Working to rectify these problems will prevent you from taking unnecessary detours, so that you can conserve your energy to focus more on studying!

To finish off, remember to take care of yourself in this process, and take breaks when you need to. Listen to your body as it knows when it needs to take time off. Furthermore, breaks are not as unproductive as they seem. In fact, they allow you to consolidate your learning, and contribute to long term retention of information. However, do note that breaks should not over stimulate your brain, as this will only have counterproductive effects. Try meditation, or just staring out into the beautiful world we live in! Only by recharging yourself, can you replenish your energy to complete this long marathon! We are not robots, and we are not programmed to have fixed productivity, so don’t blame yourself when you are not having a productive day. Try less taxing tasks on those days and when you get into a day which you feel the swing of productivity, ride on and work as much as you like! Learning is a long journey, but believe in yourself, take baby steps and work towards healthy habits, and you will slowly see progression in your learning. Eventually, you will be able to reach your full potential! All the best for Chemistry and trust the seemingly daunting process. We’ll all be here supporting you! Fighting!

Q3: The girl I like probably does not like me. What should I do?

We would like to extend our heartfelt appreciation to you for reaching out to us during this potentially challenging moment in your life. The intricacies of emotions and human connections can often be complex to navigate. The choice between persevering in your pursuit of this particular relationship or letting go of your affections is a deeply personal one. Nevertheless, we would like to offer you some considerations that may guide your decision-making process.

First, prioritise your health and well-being. Should you find that your feelings for this person are beginning to weigh heavily on your emotional well-being and self-esteem, it might be necessary to consider what you would like to do moving forward. Constantly sustaining an unrequited affection is emotionally draining, as it leads you to grasp onto faint, deceptive glimmers of hope. Recognising when to take a step back and concentrate on your own personal growth and happiness, and/or broadening your social horizons, is essential to your own needs and interests. You are bound to encounter individuals in the world who may be better suited for you and reciprocate your feelings. Don’t let your interest in this person stop you from forming meaningful relationships with others.

Second, reflect on the origin of your feelings. It is essential to reflect on why you developed feelings for this person in the first place. Was it due to societal pressure or the allure of being in a relationship? It’s crucial to acknowledge the pressures you may have succumbed to and remember that relationships should not be rushed. Everyone has their unique pace for finding love, and it’s entirely normal to take your time. Alternatively, your feelings may have originated from a genuine connection with this person. In such a case, it’s essential to re-evaluate the reasons that initially drew you to them and determine whether these factors still hold significance for you, justifying your attachment.

Third, respect the other party’s boundaries. Respecting the boundaries and preferences of the person you’re interested in is paramount. If you sense discomfort or disinterest from their side as you pursue this relationship, it’s imperative to honour their choices and refrain from pushing interactions. People possess diverse moral and value systems that shape their boundaries and desires. Empathise with their perspective and exercise restraint when necessary. If you’ve harboured these feelings for an extended period of time, gradually distancing yourself and redirecting your focus toward friendships, studies, or hobbies can be a constructive approach to take. Be compassionate with yourself; the journey of letting go may not be easy.

Fourth, open and honest communication. If you’ve been engaged in a perpetual cycle of speculation regarding their feelings, it may be time for candid communication. Express your emotions sincerely to the other person. While it demands courage, this direct approach will provide clarity. If they reciprocate your feelings, it’s a cause for celebration. However, if they do not, it serves as a definitive signal to move on.

Fifth, assess the depth of your relationship to the other party. The degree of closeness you share with this individual should influence your decision-making.

If this person is a close friend of yours, or someone that you have to continue interacting with on a regular basis, it is necessary to consider the implications of continuing to pursue your interest in the person. If you are not getting any indication of the other party showing interest in you, if you believe it may disrupt the current friendship you have with them, and if you can see yourself being content with keeping things as they are, you may want to let go of your feelings. However, if this person truly matters to you greatly, and your connection to them goes beyond usual infatuation, then perhaps you should consider continuing to work on this relationship with them.

If you are not close to the person, expanding your social circle can be an effective strategy to move on. Strong friendships can be equally as fulfilling as romantic relationships. The deeper your friendships are, the more content you may feel. This might facilitate the process of moving on from infatuation. Remember, it’s entirely natural to develop feelings and not swiftly recover from them. However, it’s essential to prevent becoming excessively obsessed with one individual. There are countless wonderful people who might be more compatible with you. Additionally, this could be an opportunity to reassess your personal priorities and preferences in a relationship, allowing you to gain a deeper understanding of yourself and your desires.

Navigating the complexities of life during this phase can be challenging. Balancing academic demands, extracurricular commitments, and personal relationships can be rather perplexing. Still, we encourage you to prioritise your well-being and happiness. Through this process, you may discover fresh perspectives on love and life that will guide you forward in overcoming this particular hurdle. All experiences happen for a reason, even if you may not quite understand why at the moment. Perhaps one day you will look back at this period of your life and find that it has shaped you in meaningful ways that you could not have foreseen.


If there is something on your mind that has been troubling you these days, feel free to send in your worries here! All submissions are anonymous.

AAA #35

Designed by: Lee Chin Yi (23-E4)


Q1: School is so stressful and I lack motivation to do my work or go to school everyday. I feel like no matter how much effort I put into my studies or other activities, I can never do something well and I’m not recognised for my effort, I’m also not achieving the results I want.

Hey there! Aunt Agatha hears you. JC life can be very stressful indeed, given the greater emphasis on independent learning, and it is totally valid for you to feel stressed or frustrated about your academic journey.

Perhaps you’re feeling overwhelmed with the accumulating lecture debt or tutorial homework, and feel that there’s too much to be done in too little time. Don’t worry, as every JC student has experienced lecture debt at some point in their life, and it is good that you recognise the situation that you’re in. After all, the first step to resolving issues is to face them and identify their root causes. We think that perhaps a visual structure to track your lecture debt could work out for you. By listing the lectures or tutorials you have to catch up on in chronological order for each subject, you will have a clearer idea of the amount of work awaiting you and be able to plan accordingly! Lecture debt might not look as daunting once you’ve broken it down into smaller tasks. After all, there is a well-known saying, “divide and conquer”. You can use platforms such as Notion or Google Docs to create a to-do list, and try to tick off at least three tasks from that list each day. Through this, you can better allocate your time and make full use of any breaks you might have between lessons. 

Additionally, you can incorporate a reward system into your schedule. For each task completed, you can reward yourself with a snack or a social media break. This can serve as small motivations on your path to getting back on track!

If you have the habit of scrolling through social media for hours on end and find it a struggle to start doing work, you might want to consider downloading studying applications on your phone to motivate yourself. One great example is Forest, which allows you to plant a tree each time you are studying, eventually growing a lush forest with various types of trees and plants. This is a very cute application, available on both the Apple App Store as well as Google Play Store. If you prefer to have Forest on your personal learning device, it is also available as a browser extension, so you need not fret over running out of storage space on your phone. 

We understand the frustration you must be feeling, having put in a lot of effort, yet not achieving your desired results. However, this may be an indication that you are not studying in the most efficient manner. Sometimes, we tire ourselves out by studying for prolonged periods of time without a clear goal in mind. Studying smart is much more important than studying hard. An option is to use good studying techniques to guide your learning, so that you are able to organise your learnings more thoroughly. Plus, you can always consult your teachers when in doubt. Don’t let your uncertainties over a certain subject accumulate until it gets out of control. We are sure that your tutors will be very happy to help you with your studies!

Remember that success is not always measured by grades or achievements, and that it is important to recognise and celebrate your own personal growth and progress, no matter how small it may seem. All the best!

Q2: I’m getting unbelievably stressed out over GP because I’m not doing well enough but at the same time I can’t get much help. AEGIS won’t consider me because my grades seem fine and I’m also not in ASAP. My GP tutor has been ghosting me. She won’t review any of the practice essays I’ve been asking if she can and I don’t even know if she has read my messages because they are all greyticks. Tuition is not an option. Please provide advice 😦

Hello! Thank you for sharing your worries. Your concerns over your grades and lack of access to help are completely valid!

It is great that stress acts as a motivator for you to achieve your academic goals. However, in any case, balance is key, and while you are encouraged to seek help and advice, it seems to be causing you a great deal of distress as the outcomes are not what you had envisioned. 

You have already observed that many opportunities have been closed off for you, so why focus on them? Many of these opportunities are outside your sphere of control and should no longer be your main focus, especially since it is taking away precious time and energy from the things you can control and do to improve. If AEGIS and ASAP have already rejected you, why dwell on it? If you have no access to tuition, why constantly think about obtaining it?

Along the same train of thought lies the problem of being ghosted. Especially during these times, many teachers are burnt out and tackling their own struggles. Teachers are humans too, meaning that they have their own stresses, problems, and boundaries. Offer them grace and the benefit of the doubt, and find alternate methods of feedback within your control. For example, you could get help from your peers. Approaching classmates who are good at the subject does not hurt, and perhaps you can exchange your essays and do some peer review with each other. This is a good learning opportunity for both parties! While you get new perspectives and learn different answering techniques from classmates, the other party can also become sharper in terms of spotting problems and distinguishing between a good and a great essay.

Alternatively, you could consider approaching your tutor in real life so that he or she is able to address your questions and doubts in a face-to-face setting. There is a possibility that your tutor simply does not check his or her messages that often, or accidentally ignored the messages from you.

As you have said, AEGIS thinks your grades are okay and not in desperate need of help, and the fact that your teacher has not made any alarming feedback might even mean that the essays have no huge underlying problems. Try to focus more on what is within your control. Write more essays and read more model answers and articles. Remember that while stress is a good motivator, over-stressing might only cause you to become burnt out and unmotivated.

Wanting to improve is never wrong, but try not to put too much pressure on yourself! We hope this advice is useful to you. Best of luck with your studies!

Q3: (shortened for brevity)

Don’t get me wrong, I love EJ with all my heart, but I was sorely mistaken when I thought that coming to jc would mean people would finally be mature enough to look past differences. My classmates don’t acknowledge my presence, nobody is ever too excited about working with me for class tasks during tutorials. I just wish I was a part of a group of friends who invite me to lunch, study dates, who wish me happy birthday. I have evaluated and re-evaluated if something was wrong with ME, because it doesn’t make sense for me to be neglected this way if I wasn’t a nuisance or an offence to people. But even when I raised this issue with some people I knew had tensions with me, they simply said they knew I didn’t mean it that way and that it was never my intention to be that way, it’s simply how I come across?? I don’t know. Just gonna mug and get 90 rank points and disappear.

Hello! First, you mentioned that you have difficulty connecting with your peers. It is understandable why you might be feeling this way, as it takes time to get used to new people and environments. While a year in JC may seem like a lot of time, it really isn’t when you consider that it is only a few weeks of school in total — which may not be enough for some to forge strong friendships. 

Since this is an anonymous forum, it is a little difficult for us to understand your situation fully with limited context, but we can assure you that you are not the only person feeling the way you are. 

From personal experience, it’s alright to feel like you are having a different experience from your peers. Some of us don’t have a tight-knit group of friends who would do all of the things you mentioned, and that’s okay! Friendships are often very different depending on the person and how you get along with them. Overall, you need to remind yourself that you cannot please everyone, and that relationships with people cannot be forced.

Instead, when the environment and the people may feel hostile or unwelcoming, you must remind yourself to focus on your own development. After all, we may not be able to control our current circumstances, but we can always change how we respond to difficulties!

First of all, you must feel secure in your own identity. You can start by carrying out reflection exercises. Find some time to write down a list of positive qualities you possess, which will help you to identify and appreciate your own strengths. While this may seem insignificant, it has helped many in raising morale and self-confidence, especially during the times when you feel lost and isolated from everyone else. 

Moreover, it may feel like you are bound to the social circles of your class, but there are many opportunities to bond and meet with new people outside of school as well! The JC experience differs for everybody, and one way you could get through JC is by buckling down to mug and get the 90 rank points you desire. 

However, you should ask yourself: is this the most fulfilling option?

Since you have already tried to ask your acquaintances about the existing tensions between you, maybe you could consult someone closer to you — perhaps a family member, friend, or maybe even a teacher or the counsellor.

Just remember you can always write back to us if you would like to be heard. All the best!

Autism in Singapore

Written by: Alexia Teo (22-U1) , Vernice Tan (22-U1), Jovielle Bruto (22-A2), Naja Thorup Kristoffersen (22-A6), Yam Lok Sum (22-A1) , Lok Qi Ern (22-O1)

Designed by: Hao Rui (22-A4)


What is autism? 

Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition affecting brain development that can be severe or mild. People with autism can find it difficult to communicate and form relationships and may show repeated or limited patterns of thought and behaviour. 

People with ASD may also have different ways of learning, moving, or paying attention. Symptoms include difficulties with eye contact, not responding to their name, lack of gestures and facial expressions as well as getting upset by minor changes.  

Marginalisation of those with autism

People who have autism deal with discrimination and obstacles that deny them their rights as well as access to help. As a result, individuals with autism face marginalisation and poverty at disproportionate rates as compared  to others. 

The general public may have difficulties understanding the challenges faced by those with autism. For instance, people with autism may find it difficult to communicate their feelings and needs. This causes them to have seemingly extreme reactions to stressful situations. Hence, Singaporeans, who do not understand those with autism, often label them as “weird” and ostracise them from activities or groups. 

This form of discrimination, stemming from ignorance can stretch beyond social situations, affecting their opportunities  at school and work on a systemic basis. 

Employers, teachers and people with authority may discriminate against the label of autism without understanding the full extent of the individual’s capabilities. Employers may choose not to employ someone with autism due to the stigma attached to that label. 

Moreover, teachers may misunderstand the intentions of autistic students due to their lack of familiarity with the way they communicate and thus end up punishing them unfairly.

Processes like job interviews heavily favour those who are neurotypical. As a result, the chances of those with autism landing a job is often  determined by their ability to mask their autistic tendencies and appear as non-autistic as possible.

What structures are in place to help those with autism? 

In light of such difficulties, there exists  a need for external support. An example of this would be the measures in place for children diagnosed with autism. There are a variety of educational options available, mainly catering to children who can choose to attend customised curriculum or the national curriculum. 

Opting for the national curriculum would mean that children attend a mainstream primary school. Alternatively, children can choose to attend Pathlight School. Pathlight School is the first school in Singapore that specifically caters to the needs of those on the autism spectrum. Not only will students be taught the mainstream school curriculum, but they will also learn essential life skills and methods to overcome their differences. 

Pathlight school in Singapore 

Apart from the above measures, there are also other organisations in Singapore that assist children with autism. For example, the Autism Resource Centre Singapore is a charity started by a group of professionals and parent volunteers dedicated to serving children and adults on the autism spectrum to  lead meaningful and independent lives in society.

Other organisations  also include THK Autism Centre in Geylang Bahru and Eden Centre for Adults in Clementi and Hougang.

When it comes to integration into the workforce,  the Employability and Employment Centre (E2C) by the Autism Resource Centre offers services to assist people with autism to integrate more successfully into the working world. It also offers services for employers who are interested in hiring people with autism in their companies. By easing the hiring process of those with autism, employers are more motivated to them. 

What more can we do to help people with autism?  

Although there are currently some measures in place to smoothly integrate those with autism into society, there are still more ways in which we can further support them. 

Firstly, if we are in an appropriate position to give counsel – for instance, as a family member, or a friend, – we should make sure that they consult an appropriate specialist that is able to cater to their specific needs. This is because ASD  is a spectrum and people’s needs can vary from one person to another. 

For example, someone with autism may have difficulty communicating via speech. In response, these individuals are brought to specialists such as speech-language pathologists, who help them develop the ability to vocalise their thoughts. 

On the other hand, another person with autism could have virtually no issues with communication. However, they may have difficulty understanding social cues, which would require a different approach from a different set of specialists. 

Secondly, to accommodate a friend or family member with autism, we must strive to implement a predictable schedule and structure. This creates a sense of safety and stability that minimises feelings of anxiety or irritability, which may arise from inconsistency. This can offer great comfort to someone with autism.

Lastly, we should be wary of methods to help ease the burden created by sensory issues. People with ASD are hypersensitive and can get easily overwhelmed by the 5 senses. As a result, while in the presence of someone with autism, we must be conscious of how the environment around them may affect them.

Here are some ways to mitigate the effects of sensory overload: 

  1. Provide earphones to someone with autism when entering a noisy environment
  2. Install dim lighting 
  3. Refrain from using strong smelling perfumes or scents 

Overall, it is evident that those with autism face great difficulties in performing even normal daily activities, like moving around loud spaces or navigating social situations. Hence, it is essential to be aware of their needs as well as take action to accommodate for their differences to create a more inclusive society. 

References

Oxford Learner’s Dictionary. (n.d.). Autism. Retrieved from https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/autism?q=autism

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, March 28). Signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorders. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/signs.html

Goh, Y. H. (2022, May 27). Living with autism: She loves social media and make-up but struggles with talking to herself. The Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/living-with-autism-she-loves-social-media-and-make-up-but-struggles-with-talking-to-herself

Hoo, L. (2021, August 18). A complete list of schools for children with autism in Singapore. A Complete List of Schools For Children with Autism In Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.homage.sg/resources/autism-school-singapore/

Menon, M. (2022, April 3). More can be done to support adults with autism, says parent. The Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/more-can-be-done-to-support-adults-with-autism-says-parent

Autism Resource Centre (Singapore). (2022). Retrieved from https://www.autism.org.sg/

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). Autism spectrum disorder: Communication problems in children. National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Retrieved from https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/autism-spectrum-disorder-communication-problems-children